Professor: Fr. Joseph Spence, FFm
Justification: Although Saint Thérèse of Lisieux (1873-1897) and Saint Elizabeth of the Trinity (1880-1906) never met, they shared many characteristics: the same native land, the same time period, and the same vocation to Carmel. A comparison of their spiritual experience and writings comes naturally and provides for “pleasant surprises and unexpected fruits”, as Balthasar wrote.
Goals: Provide an initial knowledge of the two Saints’ spiritual experience and doctrine; offer a method for the critical analysis of theological texts, in particular those of the two Saints; increase the students’ capacity of dialoguing in theological terms, as well as their reasoning abilities and group-working skills as an “academic community”.
Content: After two introductory lectures on St. Thérèse and St. Elizabeth, we will examine various theological themes that permeate both of the Saints’ experience and writings: that is, Thérèse’s influence on Elizabeth: The “Little Way”; Trinitarian indwelling; Marian Spirituality; Fraternal Ties and Charity; Journey toward Union with God; Intercession for Priests; The Power of Prayer; Spiritual Motherhood; “Passion” and Death; Heaven.
Method: The first half of each lesson will be dedicated to a lecture on the chosen themes as above, common to both Saints. During the second half of each hour, we will read together and discuss – with the help of a questionnaire – 3 brief texts of the two Saints (about 6 pages in all) that regard the chosen theme of that lesson. All of the materials necessary for the course (scans of selected writings, questionnaires, etc.) will be available on the Moodle platform from the beginning of the course.
Criteria for evaluation: The usual examination modality will be that of an oral exam (10-15 minutes); a written paper (not more than 7-10 pages) may be prepared, in alternative to the oral exam, upon request.
Time distribution: 24 hours of classroom lectures and discussion; about 25 hours of personal study; about 26 hours of personal study for the oral exam (or written paper), for a sum total of 75 hours of study time.
Essential Bibliography:
Saint Thérèse of the Child Jesus and of the Holy Face, Story of a Soul: Study Edition; Letters of St. Thérèse of Lisieux. General Correspondence, Volume I (1877-1890) and Volume II (1890-1897); The Poetry of St. Thérèse of Lisieux; The Plays of St. Thérèse of Lisieux. “Pious Recreations”; The Prayers of St. Thérèse of Lisieux. The Act of Oblation; Her Last Conversations, (M. Foley – J. Clarke et al.), ICS Publications, Washington, D.C. 1977-2014.
Gaucher, G., Saint Thérèse of Lisieux: The Story of a Life, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, CA 20202.
O’Mahony, C., St. Thérèse of Lisieux by those who knew her. Testimonies from the Process of Beatification, Veritas Publications 1989.
Elizabeth of the Trinity, I Have Found God. Complete Works (Volumes I and II) – General Introduction, Major Spiritual Writings; Letters from Carmel, ICS Publications, Washington, D.C. 1984 and 20142.
Joanne Mosley, Elizabeth of the Trinity. The Unfolding of her Message (Volumes I and II) – In the World and In Community; In the Infirmary and After her Death, Teresian Press, Oxford 2012.
Elizabeth of the Trinity, The Praise of Glory. Reminiscences of Sister Elizabeth of the Trinity, a Carmelite Nun of Dijon, 1901-1906, (Scholar Select), Wentworth Press, London 2019.